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  http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg.png    http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg.png
Kingdom of Ireland
Ríoghacht Éireann 
 
The Kingdom of Ireland (Irish: Ríoghacht Éireann) refers to the country of Ireland in the period between the proclamation of Henry VIII as King of Ireland by the Crown of Ireland Act 1542 and the Act of Union in 1800. It replaced the Lordship of Ireland, which had been created in 1171. King Henry VIII was recognised as monarch of Ireland by some Protestant powers in Europe, although not by the Catholic monarchies in Europe. However his daughter Mary I was recognised as Queen of Ireland by the pope in 1555. The separate Kingdom of Ireland ceased to exist when Ireland joined with the Kingdom of Great Britain to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in 1801. 
 
File:(Ireland) Dublin Castle Up Yard.JPG 
 
History of the Kingdom
 
 The papal bull Laudabiliter of Pope Adrian IV was decreed in 1155. It granted the Angevin King Henry II of England who ruled from Anjou in France, the title Dominus Hibernae. Laudabiliter enabled the king to invade Ireland, in order to bring the country into the European sphere. In return, Henry was required to remit a penny per hearth of the tax roll to the Pope. This was reconfirmed by Adrian's successor Pope Alexander III in 1172. When Pope Clement VII excommunicated the King of England, Henry VIII, in 1533, the constitutional position of the lordship in Ireland became uncertain. Henry had broken away from the Holy See and declared himself the head of the Church in England. He had petitioned Rome in order to procure an annulment of his marriage to Queen Catherine. Clement VII refused Henry's request because of political circumstances; the Papal States at this time were under the heel of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, Catherine's nephew, who would not have tolerated an annulment. Henry subsequently refused to recognise the Roman Catholic Church's vestigial sovereignty over Ireland, and was excommunicated again in late 1538 by Pope Paul III. The Treason Act (Ireland) 1537 was passed to counteract this.
 
File:Henry VIII with Charles Quint and Pope Leon X circa 1520.jpg 

Following the failed revolt of Silken Thomas in 1534-35, Grey, the lord deputy, had some military successes against several clans in the late 1530s, and took their submissions. By 1540 most of Ireland seemed at peace and under the control of the king's Dublin administration; a situation that was not to last for long. Henry was proclaimed King of Ireland by the Crown of Ireland Act 1542. The Act was passed by the Irish Parliament. The new kingdom was not recognised by the Catholic monarchies in Europe. After the death of King Edward VI, Henry's son, the papal bull of 1555 recognised the Roman Catholic Queen Mary I as Queen of Ireland. The link of "personal union" of the Crown of Ireland to the Crown of England became enshrined in Catholic canon law. In this fashion, the Kingdom of Ireland was ruled by the reigning King of England. This placed the new Kingdom of Ireland in personal union with the Kingdom of England.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/%28Ireland%29_Dublin_Castle_Interior_%28Throne%29.jpg/640px-%28Ireland%29_Dublin_Castle_Interior_%28Throne%29.jpg 

In line with its expanded role and self-image, the administration established the King's Inns for barristers in 1541, and the Ulster King of Arms to regulate heraldry in 1552. Proposals to establish a university in Dublin were delayed until 1592. In 1603 James VI King of Scots, became James I of England, uniting the Kingdoms of England, Scotland and Ireland in a personal union. In 1653-59 the three kingdoms were merged briefly into the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland. In 1660 Charles II of England was restored as King of Ireland without any public dissent, backdated to his father's execution in 1649 (see: Irish Restoration). Political union between England and Scotland was established in 1707 with the creation of the Kingdom of Great Britain and thereafter, in 1801, the Kingdom of Ireland merged with the Kingdom of Great Britain to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

Full-length portrait in oils of a clean-shaven young man in eighteenth century dress: gold jacket and breeches, ermine cloak, powdered wig, white stockings, and buckled shoes. 

The Irish Rebellion of 1798, and the rebels' alliance with Great Britain's long time enemy the French, led to a push to bring Ireland formally into the British Union. By the Act of Union, voted for by the Irish Parliament, the Kingdom of Ireland merged in 1801 with the Kingdom of Great Britain to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The Irish Parliament ceased to exist, though the executive, presided over by the Lord Lieutenant, remained in place until 1922. In 1937, the link to the U.K. Crown was repealed, but the monarch was the de jure King in the new State until 1949. In the Republic of Ireland the 1542 Act was repealed in 1962, The monarchy of Ireland still continues in Northern Ireland, which remains a part of the sovereign state that is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. From 1921 until 1973, the British monarch was officially represented in the North by the Governor of Northern Ireland.

Brian_Boru_King_of_Munster.jpg 

List of the Monarchs of Ireland

  • Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair, inaugurated at Dublin, spring 1166. Died 1198. He was the last native to be widely recognised as monarch of Ireland.
  • Henry VIII of England (1542-1547); Lord of Ireland, (1509-1542)
  • Edward VI of England, (1547-1553)
  • disputed claimant: Lady Jane Grey, (1553)
  • Mary I of England, (1553-1558)
    • Philip of England, jure uxoris (1554-1558)
  • Elizabeth I of England, (1558-1603)
  • James I of England, (1603-1625) (James VI of Scotland, I of England and of Ireland). He held all three crowns in a personal but not a political union.
  • Charles I of England, (1625-1649)

Interregnum

  • Charles II of England, (1660-1685)
  • James II of England, (1685-1688)
  • William III of England, (1689-1702) & Mary II of England, (1689-1694)
  • Anne of Great Britain, (1702-1714)

Monarchs of the Kingdom of Great Britain and of the Kingdom of Ireland

  • Anne of Great Britain, (1702-1714) Following the Act of Union with Scotland, Anne's personal union of the Scottish and English crowns was replaced by a political union. The united entity was known as the "United Kingdom of Great Britain". The personal union with the crown of Ireland was still in place.
  • George I of Great Britain, (1714-1727)
  • George II of Great Britain, (1727-1760)
  • George III of Great Britain (1760-1801)

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

  • George III of Great Britain and Ireland (1801-1820). By the Act of Union of 1800, the previous personal union with the Irish crown was replaced by a political union. The united entity was known as the "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland".
  • George IV of Great Britain and Ireland (1820-1830)
  • William IV of Great Britain and Ireland (1830-1837)
  • Victoria of Great Britain and Ireland (1837-1901)
  • Edward VII of Great Britain and Ireland (1901-1910)
  • George V of Great Britain and Ireland (1910-1927)

Monarchs of the United Kingdom and of Ireland

  • George V of Great Britain (1927-1936)
  • Edward VIII of Great Britain (1936)
  • George VI of Great Britain (1936-1949)

Monarchs of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  • George VI of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1949-1952). Following the declaration of the Republic of Ireland in 1949, only that part of Ireland known as Northern Ireland retained the British monarchy.
  • Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1952-)

Kings George I, II, and III had reigned as "King of Ireland"; after a constitutional change Georges III & IV had reigned as "King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland." Edward VIII was the first monarch to accede to the British throne with the Northern Ireland designation attached to his title. His brother, George VI, was the first actually so crowned. He was also the last Monarch to reign as King in all of the island of Ireland.

  http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Badge_of_the_House_of_Windsor.svg/190px-Badge_of_the_House_of_Windsor.svg.png 

The History of the House of Windsor

 The House of Windsor is the royal house of the Commonwealth realms. It was founded by King George V by royal proclamation on the 17 July 1917, when he changed the name of his family from the German Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (a branch of the House of Wettin) to the English Windsor, due to the anti-German sentiment in the United Kingdom during World War I. Currently, the most prominent member of the House of Windsor is Queen Elizabeth II, the reigning monarch of the Commonwealth realms.

File:George V of the united Kingdom.jpg 

Edward VII, and, in turn, his son, George V were members of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, a German ducal family, by virtue of their descent from Albert, Prince Consort, husband of Queen Victoria. High anti-German sentiment amongst the people of the British Empire during World War I reached a peak in March 1917, when the Gotha G.IV, a heavy aircraft capable of crossing the English Channel began bombing London directly. The aircraft became a household name, and the name Gotha was part of the name of the royal family, Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. These bombings were coupled with the abdication of King George's first cousin, Nicholas II, the Tsar of Russia on 15 March 1917, which raised the spectre of the eventual abolition of all the monarchies in Europe. The King and his family were finally convinced to abandon all titles held under the German Crown, and to change German titles and house names to anglicised versions. Hence, on 17 July 1917, a royal proclamation issued by George V declared:

Now, therefore, We, out of Our Royal Will and Authority, do hereby declare and announce that as from the date of this Our Royal Proclamation Our House and Family shall be styled and known as the House and Family of Windsor, and that all the descendants in the male line of Our said Grandmother Queen Victoria who are subjects of these Realms, other than female descendants who may marry or may have married, shall bear the said Name of Windsor

Upon hearing that his cousin had changed the name of the British royal house to Windsor, German Emperor Wilhelm II remarked jokingly that he planned to see Shakespeare's play The Merry Wives of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.The name had a long association with British royalty, through the town of Windsor, Berkshire and Windsor Castle, a link reflected in the Round Tower of Windsor Castle being the basis of the badge of the House of Windsor. Also in 1917 Prince Louis of Battenberg adopted the surname Mountbatten, a partial translation into English. Prince Louis is the maternal grandfather of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. From 1917 to 1919, George V also stripped 15 of his German relations - most of whom belonged to the House of Hanover - of their British titles and styles of prince and princess.

queen-elizabeth.jpg 

Descendants of Elizabeth II

When Princess Elizabeth (as she then was) married Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark, the standard practice would be to adopt the name of his royal house. Because he was a prince, Prince Philip did not have a surname but he was of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, a branch of the House of Oldenburg, and that ruled or rules as Kings of Greece, Denmark and Norway. Not wishing to repeat the difficulties of three decades previous, before his marriage Prince Philip renounced his titles and adopted the surname Mountbatten, the literal translation of the German Battenberg that his maternal grandfather had adopted in 1917. The Mountbatten - Battenberg name refers to Battenberg, a small town in Hesse.

britishroyalfamily.jpg

On 9 April 1952, Queen Elizabeth II officially declared her "Will and Pleasure that I and My children shall be styled and known as the House and Family of Windsor, and that my descendants who marry and their descendants, shall bear the name of Windsor." On 8 February 1960, the Queen confirmed that she and her children would continue to be known as the House and Family of Windsor, as would any agnatic descendants who enjoy the style of Royal Highness, and the title of Prince or Princess. Still, Elizabeth also decreed that her agnatic descendants who do not have that style and title would bear the surname Mountbatten-Windsor. Any future monarch can change the dynastic name through a similar royal proclamation, as royal proclamations do not have statutory authority.

Coat of Arms of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.svg    Saxony-kingdom.gif    Coat of Arms of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.svg

 The History of the House of Wettin 

The House of Wettin is a dynasty of German counts, dukes, prince-electors (Kurfürsten) and kings that once ruled the area of today's German states of Saxony, the Saxon part of Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia for more than 800 years as well as holding at times the kingship of Poland. Agnates of the House of Wettin have, at various times, ascended the thrones of Great Britain, Portugal, Bulgaria, Poland, Saxony, and Belgium; of these, only the British and Belgian lines retain their thrones today. The oldest member of the House of Wettin who is known for certain was Thiedericus (died 982), who was probably based in the Liesgau (located at the western edge of the Harz). Around 1000, as part of the German conquest of Slavic territory, the family acquired Wettin Castle, after which they named themselves. Wettin Castle is located in Wettin in the Hosgau on the Saale River. Around 1030, the Wettin family received the Eastern March as a fief. The prominence of the Wettin family in the Slavic marches caused Emperor Henry IV to invest them with the March of Meissen as a fief in 1089. The family advanced over the course of the Middle Ages: in 1263 they inherited the landgraviate of Thuringia (though without Hesse), and in 1423 they were invested with the Duchy of Saxony, centred at Wittenberg,thus becoming one of the prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire.

 wettin-castle-saale-river-saxony-anhalt.jpg

 The family divided into two ruling branches in 1485 when the sons of Frederick II, Elector of Saxony divided the territories hitherto ruled jointly. The elder son Ernest, who had succeeded his father as Prince-elector, received the territories assigned to the Elector (Electoral Saxony) and Thuringia, while his younger brother Albert obtained the March of Meissen, which he ruled from Dresden. As Albert ruled under the title of "Duke of Saxony", his possessions were also known as Ducal Saxony. The older, Ernestine branch remained predominant until 1547 and played an important role in the beginnings of the Protestant Reformation. Their predominance ended in the Schmalkaldic War, which pitted the Protestant Schmalkaldic League against Emperor Charles V. Although itself Protestant, the Albertine branch rallied to the Empire's cause; Charles V rewarded them by forcing the Ernestines to sign away their rights to the Electoral title and lands to the Albertines.

ernst-and-albert-saxe-coburg-gotha.jpg 

The Ernestine line was thereafter restricted to Thuringia, and its dynastic unity swiftly crumbled. The Albertine Wettin maintained most of the territorial integrity of Saxony, preserving it as a significant power in the region, and using small appanage fiefs for their cadet branches, few of which survived for significant lengths of time. The Ernestine Wettin, on the other hand, repeatedly subdivided their territory, creating an intricate patchwork of small duchies and counties in Thuringia. The junior Albertine branch ruled as Electors (1547-1806) and Kings of Saxony (1806-1918) and also played a role in Polish history: two Wettin were Kings of Poland (between 1697-1763) and a third ruled the Duchy of Warsaw (1807-1814) as a satellite of Napoleon. After the Napoleonic Wars, the Albertine branch lost about 40% of its lands, including the old Electoral Saxony, to Prussia, restricting it to a territory coextensive with the modern Saxony.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Royal_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28Scotland%29.svg/200px-Royal_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28Scotland%29.svg.png 

Monarchs of Great Britian -1707 - Present

House of Stuart

Queen Anne had been queen of England, Scotland and Ireland since 8 March 1702, and so became Queen of Great Britain upon the Union of England and Scotland.

Name Portrait Birth Marriages Death Claim
Anne
1 May 1707
-1 August 1714
  6 February 1665
St. James's Palace
daughter of James II and VII and Anne Hyde
George of Denmark
St. James's Palace
28 July 1683
17 children
1 August 1714
Kensington Palace
aged 49
daughter of James II and VII (cognatic primogeniture; Bill of Rights 1689); Queen of England and Scotland upon the Union; (Treaty of Union and Acts of Union 1707)

House of Hanover

The Hanoverian succession came about as a result of the Act of Settlement 1701, passed by the Parliament of England. In return for access to the English plantations in North America, the Hanoverian succession and the Union were ratified by the Parliament of Scotland in 1707. After the death of Anne with no living children, George I, the son of Sophia of Hanover, granddaughter of James VI of Scotland and I of England through his daughter Elizabeth of Bohemia, was the closest Protestant heir to the throne.

Name Portrait Birth Marriages Death Succession right
George I
1 August 1714 -
11 June 1727
King George I by Sir Godfrey Kneller, Bt.jpg 28 May 1660
Leineschloss

son of Ernest Augustus, Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Sophia of Hanover
Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Lueneburg-Celle
21 November 1682
2 children
11 June 1727
Osnabrück

aged 67
son of Sophia of Hanover, granddaughter of James I & VI; (Act of Settlement 1701 and Acts of Union 1707)
George II
11 June 1727 -
25 October 1760
George II by Thomas Hudson.jpg 30 October 1683
Herrenhausen

son of George I and Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Lueneburg-Celle
Caroline of Ansbach
22 August 1705
8 children
25 October 1760
Kensington Palace

aged 76
son of George I
George III
25 October 1760 -
29 January 1820
George III in Coronation edit.jpg 4 June 1738
Norfolk House

son of Frederick, Prince of Wales and Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha
Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
St James's Palace

8 September 1761
15 children
29 January 1820
Windsor Castle

aged 81
grandson of George II
George IV
29 January 1820 -
26 June 1830
(Prince Regent since 1811)
George IV van het Verenigd Koninkrijk.jpg 12 August 1762
St James's Palace
son of George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
(1) Maria Anne Fitzherbert
Park Lane

15 September 1785
(2) Caroline of Brunswick
St James's Palace
8 April 1795
1 daughter
26 June 1830
Windsor

aged 67
first son of George III
William IV
26 June 1830 -
20 June 1837
William IV.jpg 21 August 1765
Buckingham Palace

son of George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen
Kew Palace

13 July 1818
2 children
20 June 1837
Windsor Castle

aged 71
third son of George III
Victoria
20 June 1837 -
22 January 1901
Melville - Queen Victoria.jpg 24 May 1819
Kensington Palace

daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn and Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
St James's Palace
10 February 1840
9 children
22 January 1901
Osborne House

aged 81
granddaughter of George III (by his fourth son)

House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Although he was the son and heir of Victoria, Edward VII inherited his father's names and is therefore counted as inaugurating a new royal house.

Name Portrait Birth Marriages Death Succession right
Edward VII
22 January 1901 -
6 May 1910
Edward VII in coronation robes.jpg 9 November 1841
Buckingham Palace

son of Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
Alexandra of Denmark
St George's Chapel

10 March 1863
6 children
6 May 1910
Buckingham Palace

aged 68
son of Queen Victoria

House of Windsor

The house name Windsor was adopted in 1917, during World War I. It was changed from Saxe-Coburg-Gotha because of wartime anti-German sentiment in the United Kingdom.

Name Portrait Birth Marriages Death Succession right
George V
6 May 1910 -
20 January 1936
George V of the united Kingdom.jpg 3 June 1865
Marlborough House

son of Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark
Mary of Teck
St James's Palace

6 July 1893
6 children
20 January 1936
Sandringham House

aged 70
son of Edward VII
Edward VIII
20 January -
11 December 1936 (abdicated)
  23 June 1894
White Lodge

son of George V and Mary of Teck
Wallis Warfield Simpson
Château de Candé

3 June 1937
no children
28 May 1972
Neuilly-sur-Seine

aged 77
son of George V
George VI
11 December 1936 -
6 February 1952
  14 December 1895
Sandringham House

son of George V and Mary of Teck
Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon
Westminster Abbey

26 April 1923
2 children
6 February 1952
Sandringham House
aged 56
son of George V
Elizabeth II
6 February
1952 - present
Elizabeth II, Buckingham Palace, 07 Mar 2006 crop.jpeg 21 April 1926
Mayfair

daughter of George VI and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon
Philip of Greece and Denmark
Westminster Abbey

20 November 1947
4 children
Incumbent daughter of George VI

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29.svg/200px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29.svg.png 

Blazon of the Royal Arms

This table breaks down the official blazons to enable comparison of the differences between the general coat and the coat used in Scotland.


Everywhere except Scotland Scotland
Quarterly I and IV Gules three lions passant gardant in pale Or armed and langued Azure Or a lion rampant Gules armed and langued Azure within a double tressure flory-counter-flory of the second
II Or a lion rampant Gules armed and langued Azure within a double tressure flory-counter-flory of the second Gules three lions passant gardant in pale Or armed and langued Azure
III Azure a harp Or stringed Argent
Surrounded by The Order of the Garter The collar of the Order of the Thistle
Crest Upon the Royal helm the imperial crown Proper, thereon a lion statant gardant Or imperially crowned Proper Upon the Royal helm the crown of Scotland Proper, thereon a lion sejant affronté Gules armed and langued Azure, Royally crowned Proper holding in his dexter paw a sword and in his sinister a sceptre, both Proper
Supporters


Dexter a lion rampant gardant Or imperially crowned Proper, sinister a unicorn Argent, armed, crined and unguled Or, gorged with a coronet Or composed of crosses patée and fleurs de lis a chain affixed thereto passing between the forelegs and reflexed over the back also Or

a statue of a Unicorn, seen in St Stephen's Chapel, Westminster Palace, London

Dexter a unicorn Argent Royally crowned Proper, armed, crined and unguled Or, gorged with a coronet Or composed of crosses patée and fleurs de lis a chain affixed thereto passing between the forelegs and reflexed over the back also Or holding the standard of Saint Andrew, sinister a lion rampant gardant Or imperially crowned Proper holding the standard of Saint George

Motto Dieu et mon Droit (French) In My Defens God Me Defend, abbr. In Defens (Scots)
Order Motto Garter: Honi soit qui mal y pense (Old French) Thistle: Nemo me impune lacessit (Lati

The Family Titles and Styles

The present members of this family bear the title Prince or Princess of Great Britain and Northern Ireland together with the formal appellation of His or Her Royal Highness, so long as they are children or grandchildren of a sovereign. Untitled members bear the surname Windsor, or Mountbatten-Windsor in the case of the descendants of Queen Elizabeth II.
 
The Genealogy of the Royal House
 
 george-I.jpg
 
Georg Ludwig, Elector of Hannover and Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, succeeded his cousin Queen Anne as GEORGE I, King of Great Britain and Ireland 1 Aug 1714; he was b.Osnabrück 28 May 1660 and d.nr Osnabrück 11 Jun 1727; he m.Celle 21 Nov 1682 (separated 1694) Sophia Dorothea Dss of Braunschweig-Lüneburg (Celle 5 Sep 1666-Ahlden 2 Nov 1726)
 
 George_II.jpg
 
1a) GEORGE II Augustus, King of Great Britain and Ireland, Elector of Hannover, Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg (Hannover 30 Oct 1683-Kensington Palace 25 Oct 1760); m.Hannover 22 Aug 1705 Karoline Margravine of Brandenburg-Ansbach (Ansbach 1 Mar 1683-St.James's Palace 20 Nov 1737)
 
Frederick_Prince_of_Wales.jpg
 
1b) Frederick Lewis, Pr of Wales (Hannover 20 Jan 1707-Leicester House 20 Mar 1751); m.St.James's Palace 8 May 1736 Auguste Pss of Saxe-Gotha (Gotha 30 Nov 1719-Carlton House 8 Feb 1772)
 
AugustaFrederikevonHannover.jpg
 
1c) Augusta, Pss Royal (St.James's Palace 31 Jul 1737-London 23 Mar 1813); m.St.James's Palace 16 Jan 1764 Karl II, Duke of Braunschweig (Wolfenbüttel 9 Oct 1735-Altona 10 Nov 1806)
 
 George_III_in_Coronation.jpg
 
2c) GEORGE III William Frederick, King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover, Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg (Norfolk House 4 Jun 1738-Windsor Castle 29 Jan 1820); St.James's Palace 8 Sep 1761 Charlotte Dss of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Mirow 19 May 1744-Kew Palace 17 Nov 1818)
 
 George_IV.jpg
 
1d) GEORGE IV Augustus Frederick, King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover, Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg (St.James's Palace 12 Aug 1762-Windsor Castle 26 Jun 1830); m.St.James's Palace 8 Apr 1795 Caroline Dss of Braunschweig (Wolfenbüttel 17 May 1768-Brandenburg House 7 Aug 1821); George IV went through a form of marriage in London on 21 Dec 1785 with Mary Anne Smythe, Mrs. Fitzherbert, but, this marriage, being in contravention of the Royal Marriages Act, was considered legally void ab initio
 
Princess_Charlotte_of_Wales.jpg
 
1e) Charlotte Augusta (Carlton House 7 Jan 1796-Claremont House, Esher, Surrey 6 Nov 1817); m.Carlton House 2 May 1816 Leopold Pr of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha [later, King of the Belgians] (Coburg 16 Dec 1790-Laeken 10 Dec 1865)
 
Frederick_Duke_of_York_in_Garter_Robes.jpg
 
2d) Frederick Augustus, Duke of York and Albany, etc (Buckingham House 16 Aug 1763-Rutland House 5 Jan 1827); m.Berlin 29 Sep 1791 and in London 24 Nov 1791 Friederike Pss of Prussia (Potsdam 7 May 1767-Oatlands Park 6 Aug 1820)
 
 William_IV.jpg
 
3d) WILLIAM IV Henry, King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hannover, Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg (Buckingham House 21 Aug 1765-Windsor Castle 20 Jun 1837); m.Kew Palace 11 Jul 1818 Adelheid Pss of Saxe-Meiningen (Meiningen 13 Aug 1792-Bentley Priory 2 Dec 1849)

1e) Charlotte Augusta Louisa, b.and d.Hannover 27 Mar 1819

2e) Elizabeth Georgiana Adelaide (St.James's Palace 10 Dec 1820-St.James's Palace 4 Mar 1821)

King William IV had the following natural issue by his mistress, Dorothy Bland, known as "Mrs.Jordan"

3e) George Augustus Frederick Fitzclarence, Earl of Munster (London 29 Jan 1794-suicide London 20 Mar 1842); m.18 Oct 1819 Mary Wyndham (d.London 3 Dec 1842)

1f) Lady Adelaide Georgiana Fitzclarence (Westminster 28 Aug 1820-Hove 11 Oct 1883)

2f) Lady Augusta Margaret Fitzclarence (Bushy 29 Jul 1822-Gimmersta 5 Sep 1846); m.Paris 10 Apr 1844 Baron Knut Philip de Bonde (Ericsberg 9 Mar 1815-Stockholm 17 Oct 1871)

3f) William George Fitzclarence, 2d Earl of Munster (Bushy 19 May 1824-Brighton 30 Apr 1901); m.London 17 Apr 1855 Wilhelmine Kennedy-Erskine (Scotland 27 Jun 1830-Brighton 9 Oct 1906)

1g) Edward, Viscount Fitzclarence (London 29 Mar 1856-22 Nov 1870)

2g) Hon.Lionel Frederick Archibald Fitzclarence (London 24 Jul 1857-24 Mar 1863)

3g) Geoffrey George Gordon Fitzclarence, 3d Earl of Munster (London 18 Jul 1859-South Africa 2 Feb 1902)

4g) Hon.Arthur Falkland Manners Fitzclarence (18 Oct 1860-20 Apr 1861)

5g) Aubrey Fitzclarence, 4th Earl of Munster (7 Jun 1862-1 Jan 1928)

6g) Hon William George Fitzclarence (17 Sep 1864-4 Oct 1899); m.1887 Charlotte Elizabeth Williams (d.5 Sep 1902)

1h) Dorothy Margaret Aline Fitzclarence (23 Sep 1888-1952); m.Shoreham 11 Sep 1909 Cecil Cadogan Elborough (1886-1953)

2h) Wilhelmine Violet Eileen Fitzclarence (17 Jul 1894-1962); m.19 Jan 1918 Cecil John Cokayne Maunsell (2 Feb 1881-11 Feb 1948)

7g) Hon.Harold Edward Fitzclarence (15 Nov 1870-28 Aug 1926); m.14 May 1902 Frances Isabel Eleanor Keppel (20 Jul 1874-1 Feb 1951)

1h) Lady Wilhelmina Joan Mary Fitzclarence (17 Nov 1904-Little Massingham 1992); m.1st 21 Apr 1928 Oliver Birkbeck (6 May 1893-13 May 1952); m.2d 28 Apr 1961 Henry John Cator (23 Jan 1926-27 Mar 1965)

2h) Geoffrey William Richard Hugh Fitzclarence, 5th Earl of Munster (17 Feb 1906-27 Aug 1975); m.9 Jul 1928 Hilary Wilson (19 Mar 1903-Sandhills, Bletchingley 29 Oct 1979)

8g) Lady Lilian Adelaide Katherine Mary Fitzclarence (10 Dec 1873-15 Jul 1948); m.17 Jan 1893 William Arthur Edward Boyd (1855-6 Dec 1931)

9g) Lady Dorothea Augusta Fitzclarence (5 May 1876-28 Jan 1942); m.20 Nov 1899 Chandos Brydges Lee-Warner (11 Jun 1863-1 Oct 1944)

4f) Hon.Frederick Charles George Fitzclarence-Hunloke (London 1 Feb 1826-Kensington 17 Dec 1878); m.2 Dec 1856 Hon.Adelaide Sidney (London 1 Jun 1826-Chelsea 20 Sep 1904)

5f) Lady Mary Gertrude Fitzclarence (London 31 Oct 1834-1834)

6f) Hon.George Fitzclarence (Brighton 15 Apr 1836-Hillingdon 24 Mar 1894); m.5 Jul 1864 Lady Maria Henrietta Scott (Bishopscourt, Ireland 10 Oct 1841-Littlehampton 27 Jul 1912)

1g) Charles Edward Fitzclarence (8 May 1865-k.a.Ypern 12 Nov 1914); m.Cairo 20 Apr 1898 Violet Spencer-Churchill (London 13 Jun 1864-22 Dec 1941)

1h) Edward Charles Fitzclarence, 6th Earl of Munster (3 Oct 1899-15 Nov 1983); m.1st 30 July 1925 (div 1930) Monica Grayson (d.5 Oct 1958); m.2d 28 Sep 1939 Vivian Schofield (d.7 May 2008)

1i) Anthony Charles Fitzclarence, 7th Earl of Munster (21 Mar 1926-30 Dec 2000); m.1st 28 Jul 1949 (div 1966) Diane Delvigne; m.2d 18 Jun 1966 (div 1979) Pamela Spooner; m.3d 1979 Dorothy Alexa Maxwell (22 Dec 1924-1995); m.4th Crowhurst, Surrey 3 May 1997 Halina Winska

1j) Lady Tara Francesca Fitzclarence (b.6 Aug 1952); m.1979 Ross Jean Heffler

2j) Lady Finola Dominique Fitzclarence (b.6 Dec 1953); m.1981 Jonathan Terence Poynton

3j) [by 2d wife, before m.] Charlotte Catherine Lawrence Mills, formerly Oonagh Sarah Fitzclarence, b.1964; m.1987 Raymond Burt

4j) Lady Georgina Fitzclarence (b.1966); m.1st 1993 (div 1995) Paul Robert Phillips; m.2d 1997 John Adam

2i) Lady Mary Jill Fitzclarence (6 Feb 1928-1971); m.1st 4 Jun 1953 (div 1960) Melvin Flyer; m.2d 28 Mar 1968 John Welter (31 Oct 1908-1980)

2h) Joan Harriet Fitzclarence (23 Dec 1901-6 Jan 1971) m.30 Mar 1933 Francis Barchard (k.a.25 Nov 1941)

2g) Edward Fitzclarence (8 May 1865-7 Aug 1897)

3g) William Henry Fitzclarence (17 Feb 1868-24 Nov 1921); m.11 Aug 1908 Hilda Sankey (d.3 Jan 1959)

4g) Lionel Ashley Arthur Fitzclarence (30 Nov 1870-19 Dec 1936); m.16 Jul 1913 Theodora Jack (d.12 Apr 1948)

1h) Mary Theodora Annette Fitzclarence (10 May 1914-14 Aug 2002); m.1948 Adam Gluszkiewicz

5g) Annette Mary Fitzclarence (15 Jun 1873-7 Jul 1970)

6g) Mary Fitzclarence (7 Aug 1877-9 Feb 1939); m.5 Oct 1905 Frederick Drummond Vincent Wing (29 Nov 1860-k.a.2 Oct 1915)

7f) Hon.Edward Fitzclarence (London 8 Jul 1837-d.of wounds received in action at Redan 23 Jul 1855)

4e) Lady Sophia Fitzclarence (London 4 Mar 1795-Kensington Palace 10 Apr 1837); m.Westminster 13 Aug 1825 Philip Sidney, Lord de l'Isle and Dudley (11 Mar 1800-Penshurst 4 Mar 1851)

5e) Lord Henry Edward Fitzclarence (Petersham 8 Mar 1797-India Sep 1817)

6e) Lady Mary Fitzclarence (Bushy 19 Dec 1798-13 Jul 1864); m.St.George's, Hanover Square, London 19 Jun 1824 Charles Richard Fox (Brompton, Middlesex 1796/7-Kensington 13 Apr 1873)

7e) Lord Frederick Fitzclarence (Bushy House 9 Dec 1799-nr Poonah, India 30 Oct 1854); m.Kent House, Knightsbridge, London 19 May 1821 Lady Augusta Boyle (14 Aug 1801-Ford, Northumberland 28 Jul 1876)

1f) Augusta Fitzclarence (Belfast 1824-Cumbrae 18 Oct 1855)

2f) William Fitzclarence (16 Jul 1827-London 27 Jul 1827)

8e) Lady Elizabeth Fitzclarence (Bushy House 18 Jan 1801-Edinburgh 16 Jan 1856); m.London 4 Dec 1820 William George, 18th Earl of Erroll (21 Feb 1801-London 19 Apr 1846)

9e) Lord Adolphus Fitzclarence (Bushy 17/18 Feb 1802-Newburgh Priory, Easingwold, E.Yorkshire 17 May 1856)

10e) Lady Augusta Fitzclarence (Bushy 3 Nov 1803-8 Dec 1865); m.1st Bushy House 5 Jul 1827 Hon.John Kennedy Erskine, of Dun (4 Jan 1802-Pisa 6 Mar 1831); m.2d Windsor Castle 24 Aug 1836 Lord John Gordon Hallyburton (15 Aug 1799-Hallyburton House 29 Sep 1878)

11e) Lord Augustus Fitzclarence (Bushy House 1 Mar 1805-14 Jun 1854); m.Kensington 2 Jan 1845 Sarah Elizabeth Gordon (Meerut, India 26 Dec 1827-Chelsea 23 Mar 1901)

1f) Dorothea Fitzclarence (Clarges Street, Westminster 27 Oct 1845-15 May 1870); m.17 Mar 1863 Thomas William Goff (6 Jul 1829-London 3 Jun 1876)

2f) Eva Fitzclarence (Mapledurham 1 Jan 1847-Chelsea 2 Mar 1918)

3f) Beatrix Fitzclarence (Mapledurham 1 Jan 1847-St.Leonard's-on-Sea 18 Mar 1909)

4f) Augustus Fitzclarence (Mapledurham 13 Feb 1849-Dresden 16 Oct 1861)

5f) Henry Edward Fitzclarence (Mapledurham 19 Jan 1853-19 Feb 1930); m.11 Jun 1879 Mary Isobel Templer Parsons (Galle, Ceylon 18__-17 Jul 1932)

1g) Augustus Arthur Cornwallis Fitzclarence (16 Mar 1880-k.a.28 Jun 1915); m.7 Apr 1910 Lady Susan Yorke (7 May 1881-21 Aug 1965)

2g) Cynthia Adela Victoria Fitzclarence (7 Feb 1887-1970); m.11 Jun 1908 Roland George Orred (27 Dec 1886-20 Jun 1963)

6f) Mary Fitzclarence (Rutland Gate, Westminster Sep 1854-Westminster 14 Mar 1858)

12e) Lady Amelia Fitzclarence (Bushy House 21 Mar 1807-Hutton Rudby, No. Yorkshire 2 Jul 1858); m.Brighton 27 Dec 1830 Lucius Bentinck Cary, Viscount Falkland (5 Nov 1803-Montpelier 12 Mar 1884)
 
 Charlotte_Mathilde_British_Princess_Royal_Queen_of_Wurttemberg.jpg
 
4d) Charlotte Augusta Matilda, Pss Royal (Buckingham House 29 Sep 1766-Ludwigsburg 6 Oct 1828); m.St.James's Palace 18 May 1797 King Friedrich I of Württemberg (Treptow 6 Nov 1754-Stuttgart 30 Oct 1816)
 
Edward_Duke_of_Kent_and_Strathearn_by_Sir_William_Beechey.jpg
 
5d) Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, etc (Buckingham House 2 Nov 1767-Sidmouth 23 Jan 1820); m.Coburg 29 May 1818 and Kew Palace 11 Jul 1818 Viktoria Fstn zu Leiningen, née Pss of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (Coburg 17 Aug 1786-Frogmore House, nr Windsor 16 Mar 1861)
 
Family_of_Queen_Victoria.jpg
 
1e) Alexandrina VICTORIA, succeeded William IV as Queen of Great Britain and Ireland (but not Hannover), and was proclaimed Empress of India 1 Jan 1877 (Kensington Palace 24 May 1819-Osborne House, Isle of Wight 22 Jan 1901); m.St.James's Palace 10 Feb 1840 Albert Pr of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, cr Pr Consort 1857 (Schloß Rosenau 26 Aug 1819-Windsor Castle 14 Dec 1861)
 
 princess-victoria-vicky.jpg
 
1f) Victoria Adelaide Mary Louisa, Pss Royal (Buckingham Palace 21 Nov 1840-Friedrichshof 5 Aug 1901); m.St.James's Palace 25 Jan 1858 Emperor Friedrich III of Germany (Neues Palais 18 Oct 1831-Neues Palais 15 Jun 1888)
 
 Edward_VII.jpg
 
2f) Albert EDWARD VII, King of Great Britain and Ireland, Emperor of India, Pr of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, etc (Buckingham Palace 9 Nov 1841-Buckingham Palace 6 May 1910); m.Windsor Castle 10 Mar 1863 Alexandra Pss of Denmark (Copenhagen 1 Dec 1844-Sandringham 20 Nov 1925)
 
Prince_Albert_Victor_Duke_of_Clarence.jpg
 
1g) Albert Victor Christian Edward, Duke of Clarence and Avondale, etc (Frogmore House, nr Windsor 8 Jan 1864-Sandringham 14 Jan 1892)
 
 King_George_V_1911.jpg
 
2g) GEORGE V Frederick Ernest Albert, succeeded his father King Edward VII as King of Great Britain and Ireland, Emperor of India; "Ireland" in the title of the British sovereign was changed to "Northern Ireland" at some point after the separation of Ireland; he renounced on behalf of himself and his family the German titles they held during the First World War; he was b.at Marlborough House, London 3 Jun 1865 and d.at Sandringham, Norfolk 20 Jan 1936; he m.at St.James's Palace 6 Jul 1893 Mary Pss von Teck (Kensington Palace 26 May 1867-Marlborough House 24 Mar 1953)
 
 edward_VIII.jpg
 
1h) EDWARD VIII Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David, King of Great Britain and Ireland, Emperor of India, abdicated 10 Dec 1936, cr Duke of Windsor 8 Mar 1937 and was granted the style Royal Highness for himself only (White Lodge, Richmond Park, Surrey 23 Jun 1894-Paris 28 May 1972); m.Château de Candé 3 Jun 1937 Wallis Warfield, Mrs. Simpson (Blue Ridge Summit, Monterey Inn, nr Hagerstown, Pennsylvania 19 Jun 1896-Paris 24 Apr 1986)
 
 george_VI.jpg
 
2h) Albert Frederick Arthur GEORGE VI, King of Great Britain and Ireland, Emperor of India, ascended the throne on the abdication of his brother, King Edward VIII, 11 Dec 1936; he relinquished the title Emperor of India 22 Jun 1948; he was b.York Cottage, Sandringham 14 Dec 1895 and d.at Sandringham 6 Feb 1952; he m.at Westminster Abbey 26 Apr 1923 Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (London 4 Aug 1900-Royal Lodge, WIndsor Great Park 30 Mar 2002)
 
 queen-elizabeth.jpg
 
1i) ELIZABETH II Alexandra Mary, Queen of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, b.London 21 Apr 1926; m.Westminster Abbey 20 Nov 1947 Philip Mountbatten, Duke of Edinburgh, formerly Pr of Greece and Denmark (b.Corfu 10 Jun 1921)
 
 charles-prince-of-wales.jpg
 
1j) Charles Philip Arthur George, Prince of Wales, b.Buckingham Palace 14 Nov 1948; m.1st St.Paul's Cathedral 29 Jul 1981 (div 1996) Lady Diana Frances Spencer (Park House, Sandringham 1 Jul 1961-k.in car wreck at Paris 31 Aug 1997); m.2d Windsor 9 Apr 2005 Mrs Camilla Rosemary Parker Bowles, née Shand, now styled H.R.H. the Duchess of Cornwall (b.London 17 Jul 1947)
 
royal-wedding-kate-william-duke-duchess.jpg 
 
1k) William Arthur Philip Louis, cr 29 Apr 2011 Duke of Cambridge, Earl of Strathearn, and Baron Carrickfergus, b.Paddington, London 21 Jun 1982; m.Westminster Abbey 29 Apr 2011 Catherine Elizabeth Middleton (b.Reading 9 Jan 1982)
 
 prince-harry-henry.jpg
 
2k) Henry (Harry) Charles Albert David, b.Paddington, London 15 Sep 1984
 
 princess-anne.JPG
 
2j) Anne Elizabeth Alice Louise, cr 1987 Princess Royal, b.Clarence House 15 Aug 1950; m.1st Westminster Abbey 14 Nov 1973 (div 1992) Mark Antony Peter Phillips (b.Tetbury, Gloucs 22 Sep 1948); m.2d Crathie Church, nr Balmoral 12 Dec 1992 Sir Timothy James Hamilton Laurence (b.Camberwell, Surrey 1 Mar 1955)
 
peter-phillips-autumn-kelly-wedding.jpg
 
1k) Peter Mark Andrew Phillips, b.London 15 Nov 1977; m.Windsor Castle 17 May 2008 Autumn Patricia Kelly (b.Montreal 3 May 1978)

1l) Savannah Phillips, b.Gloucestershire Royal Hospital 29 Dec 2010
 
zara-phillips.jpg
 
2k) Zara Anne Elizabeth Phillips, b.London 15 May 1981; m.Canongate Kirk, Edinburgh 30 Jul 2011 Michael James Tindall (b.Otley, Leeds 18 Oct 1978)
 
prince-andrew-duke-of-york.jpg
 
3j) Andrew Albert Christian Edward, cr 1986 Duke of York, Earl of Inverness and Baron Killyleagh, b.Buckingham Palace 19 Feb 1960; m.Westminster Abbey 23 Jul 1986 (div 1996) Sarah Margaret Ferguson (b.London 15 Oct 1959)
 
 hrh-princess-beatrice-of-york.jpg
 
1k) Beatrice Elizabeth Mary, b.London 8 Aug 1988
 
princess-eugenie-of-york.jpg
 
2k) Eugenie Victoria Helena, b.London 23 Mar 1990
 
Prince-Edward-earl-of-wessex.jpg
 
4j) Edward Antony Richard Louis, Earl of Wessex, b.Buckingham Palace 10 Mar 1964; m.Windsor Castle 19 Jun 1999 Sophie Helen Rhys-Jones (b.Oxford 20 Jan 1965)
 
 lady-louise-wessex.jpg
 
1k) Louise Alice Elizabeth Mary (b.Frimley Park Hospital, Surrey 8 Nov 2003)
 
 james-viscount-severn.jpg
 
2k) James Alexander Philip Theo, Viscount Severn (b.Frimley Park Hospital 17 Dec 2007)
 
 

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